Troisième Rapport – Contribution à l’étude des phobies : probably September 1955 (Paris) : Jean Mallet
by Julia Evans on September 1, 1955
This text was presented at the XVIII Congress of Psychoanalysts of Romance Languages in Paris in 1955.
Published Revue française de psychanalyse, 20(1-2), p237-293, 1956
This text is not translated. Available in French, at www.LacanianWorksExchange.net /authors a-z or authors by date
Cited by Jacques Lacan
Seminar IV : 27th February 1957 : see Seminar IV : The Object Relation & Freudian Structures 1956-1957 : begins 21st November 1956 : Jacques Lacan or here : Para 11 : I am alluding to these articles of someone named Mallet on the phobias, who wants to tell us how phobias – primitive phobias – explain the child’s first relations with the dark, and in particular how these anxieties give rise to the image of the father.
p250 of Mallet : Ces terreurs nocturnes ont comme corollaire plus ou moins obligatoire l’apparition d’une première série phobique qui comprend l’angoisse dans la nuit, la phobie des plages obscures, la phobie des espaces dissimulés et la phobie de l’espace derrière soi. L’angoisse dans la nuit est la deuxième manifestation névrotique de l’enfance, car elle se distingue nettement de la terreur nocturne, bien qu’elle en soit une sorte de prolongement dans la vie éveillée
p252 De la série phobique que nous venons d’envisager et qui comprend, rappelons-le, l’angoisse dans la nuit, la phobie des plages obscures, la phobie des espaces dissimulés, et enfin la phobie de l’espace derrière soi, le premier terme est, dans certains cas, neutralisé assez tôt, et de la manière suivante. Par une sorte de réalisation hallucinatoire, l’enfant confère à la nuit dans laquelle il se trouve plongé une matérialité d‘« enveloppe », « palpable », « pénétrante » et « vivante ». E. Minkowski a donné la description de ce phénomène tel qu’il est éprouvé par l’adulte (1). [(1) E. Minkowski, Vers une psychopathologie de l’espace, Le temps vécu, p. 372. [See On the work of Eugène Minkowski, Le temps vécu (lived time) : 1935 : Jacques Lacan or here ] … Après l’angoisse dans la nuit et la phobie des zones obscures, une deuxième série phobique fait son apparition.
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References to Jean Mallet in ‘La psychanalyse d’aujord’hui
Seminar IV : 27th February 1957 : Para 2 : Frustration, as a fundamental experience… and insofar as La psychanalyse d’aujourd’hui places it at the heart of all shortcomings that can be remarked through their analysable consequences — in symptoms, strictly speaking, which are our field… frustration, I say, is necessary for us to understand, so that we can make valid use of it. : I suspect this is a reference to La thérapeutique psychanalytique (Psychoanalytic Therapy) : 1956 : Sacha Nacht or here There is a translation but it is heavily edited.
from La psychanalyse d’aujourd’hui, Work published under the direction of S. Nacht [See https://lacanianworks.net/?cat=732 ] in collaboration with M. Bouvet, [See https://lacanianworks.net/?cat=656 ] R. Diatkine, A. Doumic, J. Favreau, M. Held, S. Lebovici, [R. Lebovici – https://lacanianworks.net/?cat=696 & S. Lebovici https://lacanianworks.net/?cat=707 ] P. Luquet, P. Luquet-Parat, P. Male, J. Mallet [See https://lacanianworks.net/?cat=754 ], F. Pasche [See https://lacanianworks.net/?cat=687 ], M. Renard [See https://lacanianworks.net/?cat=688], Preface by E. Jones [See here]
and J. de Ajuriaguerra, G. Bordarracco, M. Benassy, A. Berge, M. Bonaparte, M. Fain [See here], P. Marty [See here], P.C. Racamier, M. Schlumberger, S. Widerman ; P.U.F ; 1956
The following give more details:
See Notes & References for Jacques Lacan’s Seminar IV : 21st November 1956 by Julia Evans on 28th February 2017 or here
Notes on Sacha Nacht : What is concealed by the so-called “Cht” and why? : 9th March 2019 : Réginald Blanchet or here
Seminar IV : 16th January 1957 : Compilation referred to in Para 2 of Seminar IV : 16th January 1957
Note: Ernest Jones & Sacha Nacht were present, together with others, at this meeting : see Minutes of the meeting of the International Psychoanalytical Association : 30th July 1953 : Dr Heinz Hartmann (IPA President & Chairman of the Meeting) : See here
Rudolf Loewenstein, who was Lacan’s training analyst from 1932 to 1938, was also Sacha Nacht’s analyst and was present at this meeting.
There is an analysis of how Miss Anna Freud & Dr Sacha Nacht, supported by Dr Ernest Jones & Princess Marie Bonaparte, attack Jacques Lacan at this meeting here
Note : there is further reference to Sacha Nacht in Seminar X : 12th December 1962 & Seminar X : 30th January 1963. See Seminar X: The Anxiety (or Dread): 1962-1963: begins 14th November 1962: Jacques Lacan: Text in English & References or here for further details.
Commentary on Jacques Lacan & Sacha Nacht : What is concealed by the so-called “Cht” and why? : 9th March 2019 : Réginald Blanchet or here
Texts from this collection cited in Seminar IV, so far….
Clinical analysis : 1956 : Maurice Bouvet or here
Evolution de la psychanalyse : 1956 : Maurice Bénassy or here
La Psychanalyse des Enfants : 1956 : Serge Lebovici, René Diatkine, Jean Alphonse Favreau. Patrick Luquet et Catherine Luquet-Parat [J. Luquet-Parat] or here
Importance du rôle de la motricité : 13th November 1954 (Paris) : Pierre Marty & Michel Fain or here
La thérapeutique psychanalytique (Psychoanalytic Therapy) : 1956 : Sacha Nacht or here
Cited by Jean Mallet in this text
These overlap with La Psychanalyse d’aujourd’hui & those cited in Seminar IV
p238 René Spitz : See The Primal Cavity : a contribution to the genesis of perception and its role for psychoanalytic theory : 1955 : René Spitz (See here) : cited in Seminar IV : 21st November 1956 & 28th November 1956
p239 René Spitz
p240 René Spitz
p241 René Spitz
p242 F. Pasche
p242 René Spitz
Footnote p243 F. Pasche
p244 René Spitz
p245 René Spitz
p247 René Spitz
p248 Notons en passant la falsification corrélative de la réalité : comme y insiste Lacan, la fonction primordiale du Moi n’est aucunement une fonction de connaissance.
Au bout de quelque temps, l’enfant désigne des lions, etc., comme agents « mordants », « dévorants » ou « pourchassants ». Il n’y a alors aucune relation entre le contenu onirique et les morsures que l’enfant a pu réellement subir. La plupart des animaux incriminés dans les rêves appartiennent à des espèces que l’enfant n’a connus qu’au cours de rares visites au zoo ou à la campagne, et à travers les élucubrations des autres enfants ou des adultes. – Reference from p282 Lacan (J.). L’agressivité en psychanalyse, Rev. franç. psychanalyse, 1948, n° 3. : See Aggressivity in Psychoanalysis : mid-May 1948 (Brussels) : Jacques Lacan or here [Note this was given at the 1948 Congress of Psychoanalysts of Romance Languages against a
p254 René Spitz
p261 Footnote (1) Voir F. Pasche, L’angoisse et la théorie freudienne des instincts.
p263 … en même temps qu’incapables d’une décharge somatique adéquate qui constitue le vrai traumatisme. Ceci ne veut pas dire qu’à notre avis, la contemplation d’une scène primitive réelle soit nécessairement sans conséquence. Dans des conditions que nous ignorons, entre certaines limites d’âge de l’enfant par exemple, un tel spectacle [1] peut sans doute avoir pour effet une maturation et un renforcement pulsionnel accélérés, et précipiter ainsi par cet intermédiaire l’apparition de la terreur nocturne.
[1] Les travaux des éthologistes montrent que les perceptions de certaines formes caractéristiques de l’espèce d’un animal donné peuvent avoir un effet formatif sur son organisme. Voir : Lacan, Le stade du miroir, p. 451. – Lacan (J.). Le stade du miroir comme formateur de la fonction du JE, Rev. franç. psychanalyse, 1949, n° 4. : See Mirror Stage: 16th June 1936 (Paris), 3rd August 1936 (Marienbad), 1938, 17th July 1949 (Zurich), 1966: Jacques Lacan or here
p263 E. Schnurmann, Reference p282 Schnurmann (A.). Observation of a phobia, The Psychoa. Stud. of the Child, vol. III-IV, 1949, Int. Univ. Press, New York. : See Observation of a Phobia : December 1946 (London) : Anneliese Schnurmann : Available here : Cited by Jacques Lacan in Seminar IV : 5thDecember 1956
p264 (Footnote 1) Voir F. Pasche, intervention sur le rapport du Dr Lagache sur le problème du transfert.
p281 R. Diatkine
p281 S. Lebovici
p282 Pasche (F.). Intervention sur le rapport de D. Lagache : « Le problème du transfert », Rev. franç. de psychanal., XVI, 1952.
Pasche (F.). L’angoisse et la théorie freudienne des instincts. Rev. franç. de psychanal., 1954, n° 1.
Pasche (F.) et Renard (M.). Réalité de l’objet et point de vue économique. Communication au Congrès de Genève (juillet 1955). A paraître dans la Revue française de psychanalyse.
p281 Gendrot (J.-A.) et Racamier (P.-C). Névroses d’angoisse, Encyclopédie méd. chirurgicale. Psychiatrie.
p282 Pasche (F.) et Renard (M.). Réalité de l’objet et point de vue économique. Communication au Congrès de Genève (juillet 1955). A paraître dans la Revue française de psychanalyse.
Presented to the 19th International Psycho-Analytical Congress (Geneva), 24–28 July, 1955
Perversion sexuelle transitoire au cours d’un traitement psychoanalytique (French only) : July 1955 (Geneva) : Ruth Lebovici or here : Seminar IV : 12th December 1956
The Reality of the Object and Economic Point of View : 25th July 1955 (Geneva) : Francis Pasche & Michel Renard or here : Seminar IV : 19th December 2018
Delinquent Acts as Perversions and Fetishes : 26th July 1955 (Geneva) : Melitta Schmideberg or here : end of Seminar IV : 30th January 1957.
p284 Sacha Nacht
p286 Intervention de R. HELD (Paris)
p288 S. Lebovici
p289 Intervention de F. PASCHE (Paris)
p289 Intervention de S. NACHT (Paris)
p290 Intervention de S. LEBOVICI (Paris)
p292 Sacha Nacht
p293 F. Pasche
p293 R. Held
p293 Sacha Nacht
p293 René Spitz
Conclusion : Many of the texts cited by Jacques Lacan in Seminar IV are related to those of Sacha Nacht and his associates. This is the faction that forced Jacques Lacan out in 1953. See
Also see Pxxiv ‘Anna Freud castigates the rebels’ of Prefatory Note, the historical background of ‘The Function of Language in Psychoanalysis’ (1953) by Jacques Lacan : 1968 : Anthony Wilden or here
Dossier on the Institutional Debate, An Introduction : 1990 : Joan Copjec or here
Minutes of the meeting of the International Psychoanalytical Association : 30th July 1953 : Dr Heinz Hartmann (IPA President & Chairman of the Meeting) or here
An edited version appears in p71 to 74 of ‘Jacques Lacan, Television & A challenge to the Psychoanalytic Establishment’ edited by Joan Copjec : W. W. Norton & Company : 1990. : here Most of the documents in this collection were previously published, along with others, as supplements to Ornicar?, the journal of the Champ freudien: La scission de 1953 appeared in October 1976 as supplement to no. 7 and ‘L’excommunication’ in January 1977 as supplement to no 8.
Conference Report, SIR : Inaugural meeting of SFP, Paris : 8th July 1953 : Jacques Lacan or here
Letter to Rudolf Loewenstein : 14th July 1953 : Jacques Lacan or here
Letter to Heinz Hartmann : 21st July 1953 : Jacques Lacan or here
Jacques Lacan comments on this process in Seminar X: 23rd January 1963: pIX 85 of Cormac Gallagher’s translation : …. and evokes a memory for me: it was at the time about ten years ago when we had already received a visit from some investigators. : See Seminar X: The Anxiety (or Dread): 1962-1963: begins 14th November 1962: Jacques Lacan: Text in English & References or here
Jacques Lacan and the Congress of the Romance Languages Psychoanalysts
This paper was given at the 1955 Congress in Paris
A history from here or Mijolla, Alain de. (1991). Le congrès des psychanalystes de langue française des pays romans: quelqueséléments d’histoire. Revue française de psychanalyse, 55 (1), 7-36. : See Le Congrès des Psychanalystes des pays romans: quelques éléments d’histoire : 1991 : Alain de Mijolla or here
Further on history of CONGRÈS DES PSYCHANALYSTES DE LANGUES ROMANES PARIS,
Notes:
– The eighth conference, on “genetic psychology and psychoanalysis,” brought Jean Piaget and Raymond de Saussure face to face in December 1933. Among the speakers we find, for the first time, the name of then thirty-two-year-old Jacques Lacan.
– Rudolph Loewenstein was both Sacha Nacht’s and Jacques Lacan’s analyst. The tenth conference, in reality the eleventh, was held in Paris on February 21 and 22, 1938. Sacha Nacht delivered a paper titled “Le masochisme:étude historique, clinique, psychogénique et thérapeutique” (Masochism: an historical, clinical, psychogenetic, prophylactic, and therapeutic study; 1938). Rudolph Loewenstein, speaking on “L’origine du masochisme et la théorie des pulsions” (The origin of masochism and the theory of the instincts; 1938), opposed his former analysand on the notion of a death instinct, which Nacht rejected. This was the last conference of French-speaking psychoanalysts before the Second World War.
– This eleventh conference, held in Brussels between May 14 and 17, 1948, was organized around Sacha Nacht’s paper “Les manifestations cliniques de l’agressivité et leur rôle dans le traitement psychanalytique” (Clinical manifestations of aggression and their role in psycho-analytic treatment; 1948) and Jacques Lacan’s paper “L’agressivité en psychanalyse” (Aggression in psychoanalysis; 1948). [Information Aggressivity in Psychoanalysis : mid-May 1948 (Brussels) : Jacques Lacan or here ]
– This conference (1948) was distinguished most of all by the presence of Melanie Klein, who, however, failed to make converts among French psychoanalysts.
– on October 16, 1951, the conference changed its name to the Congress of Romance-Language Psychoanalysts, an extension attributed to Jacques Lacan.
– In 1953 a sixteenth special conference was held in Rome. The division of the Société psychanalytique de Paris (Paris Psychoanalytic Society) (SPP) in June divided the conference into two parts. In one, the members of the society listened to Emilio Servadio, Francis Pasche, René Spitz (who came from New York), Serge Lebovici, and René Diatkine. They then departed, and members of the new Société française de psychanalyse (French Society of Psychoanalysis) entered to listen to Jacques Lacan’s paper “Fonction et champ de la parole et du langage en psychanalyse” (The function and field of language in psychoanalysis). [Information The Function and Field of Speech and Language in Psychoanalysis (Rome) : 26th September 1953 : Jacques Lacan or here ]
– Jealously simmering in the Paris Psychoanalytic Society tore the two rival societies apart for more than a decade, and the following conferences of French-speaking psychoanalysts fit into the general strategy of the two societies’ struggle for influence.
Yet the conferences were also the scene of original theoretical elaborations marking the evolution and deepening of the psychoanalytic thinking of members of the Paris Psychoanalytic Society. This can be seen from a sample of papers presented at the conferences: Sacha Nacht and Serge Lebovici, “Indications et contre-indications de la psychanalyse chez l’adulte” (Indications and contraindications for psychoanalysis for adults; 1954); René Diatkine and Jean Favreau, “Le caractère névrotique” (The neurotic character; 1956)
Conclusion : Any text presented at the Congress of Romance-Language Psychoanalysts, would be known to Jacques Lacan. The 1953 split from the SPP informs Lacan’s citing these texts in Seminar IV : 1956-1957. He is outlining the difference between the process he uses to develop his position and that of Sacha Nacht and his followers.
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Practicing Lacanian Psychoanalyst in London & Sandwich in Kent
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Related Text
Seminar IV : The Object Relation & Freudian Structures 1956-1957 : begins 21st November 1956 : Jacques Lacan or here
Further posts:
Some Lacanian history here
Of the clinic here
By Sigmund Freud here
Notes on texts by Sigmund Freud here
By Jacques Lacan here
By Jean Mallet here
Notes on texts by Jacques Lacan here
Translation Working Group here
By Julia Evans here